Weapons & Equipment
Encyclopedia-style profiles of land, naval and air systems, built only on publicly known capabilities.
F-35 vs Su-57: Fifth-Generation Fighters Compared
F-35 vs Su-57 compared: stealth, sensors, engines, production numbers and combat use of the two fifth-generation fighters, based on public data and sources.
Rafale vs Eurofighter Typhoon: Europe's Fighters Compared
Rafale and Eurofighter Typhoon compared using public data on engines, radar, weapons, versatility, operators and the combat records of these European fighters.
Counter-Drone Strategies (C-UAS): Detection and Interception
An overview of counter-drone defence, covering radar and radio-frequency detection, electronic warfare, kinetic interception and directed-energy weapons.
Leopard 2A7 vs T-90M: Main Battle Tanks Compared
Leopard 2A7 vs T-90M compared: armour, gun, mobility, crew and lessons from Ukraine for two modern main battle tanks, based on public data and sources.
From matchlock to cartridge: firearm mechanisms
How firearm ignition evolved from matchlock, wheellock and flintlock mechanisms to percussion systems and metallic cartridges in the search for reliability.
Laser weapons: real challenges and counter-drone defence
What military laser weapons can and cannot do, the programmes behind them, and the challenges facing their proposed role in defence against drone swarms.
The F-35 "Kill Switch": What's Known and What's Rumour
The alleged F-35 kill switch, explained as a public debate: where the rumour comes from, what the manufacturer and governments have said, and analysts' views.
Tactical nuclear weapons and electromagnetic pulse (EMP)
What is publicly known about tactical nuclear weapons, how many are estimated to exist, and what nuclear EMP actually did in the documented 1962 tests.
Landmines: evolution, types and the postwar legacy
How landmines evolved, the main types used in warfare, and why their postwar legacy continues to endanger civilians decades after fighting has officially ended.
Infantry Rifles in Modern Armies: A Comparison
A comparison of modern infantry rifles, including the AK-12, M4, XM7, HK416, G36 and Tavor, alongside debates over ammunition and the shift towards calibres.
Bunker Busters: How Anti-Bunker Bombs Work
How bunker-buster bombs penetrate concrete and rock, with BLU-109, GBU-28 and GBU-57 MOP examples and the limits of their effects on deeply buried facilities.
S-300 vs. Western Air Defense Systems: A Guide
The Soviet S-300 compared with Patriot, SAMP/T and NASAMS, covering ranges, radars, combat records and the political consequences of air defence system exports.